Discuss the concept of refutability in terms of Anna Freud, Jung and Adler. What are the main differences between Freud’s and Adler’s theories? Freud believed instinctual forces drove humanity whereas Adler believed people can and do make conscious decisions. A primary difference in therapies was Freud’s focus on the narrow scope of early childhood and it’s affects but Adler’s therapy focused on the present.
How does the book Addiction and Grace provide a holistic understanding of addictions? Based on the book, how might someone with a Christian perspective treat addictions differently than someone with a purely secular approach?
Distinguish between probability and nonprobability sampling techniques. What are the implications of each
Examine two public health challenges that you see for public health leaders in the next five years. Compose two strategies you would implement to meet the identified challenges.
Importance of financial management in healthcare, Why is financial management important in healthcare?. Why is it important for nurses to understand health care financing?
In Chapter 14 of the e-text the concepts the major motivation theories in organizational behavior are addressed. It summarizes how motivation theories endeavor to explain how people become motivated. It explains that motivation has two major components direction and intensity. Direction is what a person is trying to achieve. Intensity is the degree of effort a person expends to achieve the target. Describe how you feel about both points and a scenario of how you might have experienced this personally.
The patient is presenting with a persistent cough and is expectorating green sputum leading to the diagnosis of acute bronchitis. McCance & Huether (2019) define acute bronchitis as an inflammation or infection of the bronchi or airway caused by a virus. The patient is coughing as a result of a protective reflex from the vagus nerve. Coughing allows the individual to expectorate her secretions from the lower airways (McCance & Huether, 2019).
The feeling of gagging and dry heaves is caused by the patient’s deep cough with the goal of expectorating the tenacious, thick sputum. Viral infections, allergens, or pollutants might trigger an inflammatory response in the bronchi resulting in acute bronchitis. When the bronchial wall is inflamed, mucosal thickening and epithelial-cell desquamation occur (Smith et al., 2020). The inflammation and infection on the bronchi create secretions causing irritation leading to a strong cough.
According to this case, Lou most likely developed acute bronchitis as a result of a viral infection as she does not have a medical history or history of smoking. Common clinical manifestations of acute bronchitis include coughing, expectoration, chest pain, shortness of breath, and wheezing from baseline versus after 7 days of treatment (Nowicky & Murray, 2020). Pulmonary environmental toxins or allergens might play role in Lou’s condition, such as nitrous oxides, methane, arsenic, lead, cadmium, and air pollution. Two patient factors that heavily influence the diagnosis of acute bronchitis are age and behavior. Patients over the age of 65 and children younger than two years are at risk of acquiring infections (Nowicky & Murray, 2020). Common pathogens include influenza virus A and B, parainfluenza, and rhinovirus. Implementing infection precautions and getting routine vaccinations are preventable measures vulnerable populations can engage in. Furthermore, behaviors like smoking can develop into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Individuals with COPD are more likely to develop chronic bronchitis (Nowicky & Murray, 2020). All in all, Lou’s acute bronchitis can be managed with antibiotics and cough expectorants.
The appellate process is a cornerstone of a democratic criminal justice system. However, many people are unaware of the process that a case may undergo before it finds itself before the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS). In fact, as you have read, not all cases reach the highest court in the land. In this activity, you are going to trace the path of a criminal case from the lower court by identifying the facts of the case, the ruling at the appellate court level, the key legal questions and how they relate to the Constitution, and the ruling in the case as made by the SCOTUS.
Cultural differences that impact management processes” is the chosen project title. Management practices in diverse businesses are affected by cultural variations amongst people. Several attempts have been made to address the problem, but further study is needed. Globalization and the rise of multi-national enterprises have resulted in a melting pot of many cultures. All of these are founded on a business’s views, beliefs, conventions, and established ways of doing things. Time management, technology, company culture, religion, and education all have an impact on the management process, as do these factors (Ayub Khan & Smith Law, 2018). Because of this, it is impossible to disregard the influence of cultural diversity on corporate management. The goal of the project’s research is to provide a collection of solutions that may be used to overcome the challenges posed by cultural variations that affect the management process.
Anticipated barriers
In cross-cultural teams, communication is one of the most anticipated obstacles to overcome. Because they originate from different cultural backgrounds, individuals of the team are likely to have a variety of communication methods. Disagreements among group members regarding overdue dates for tasks and projects are expected to arise due to the participants’ diverse communication styles, leading to misconceptions and miscommunications (Oden, 2021). Depending on which members of the group you’re addressing, your words and actions impact.
Another problem with cross-cultural teams is that working styles and expectations are quite different from one culture to the next. Cultures vary in their attitudes, values, and methods for forming bonds with one another. There is a high probability that the working methods and ethics of ethnic team members will vary as well. It may be normal in certain cultures to urge people to work longer than eight hours a day, but it may be seen as exploitative and unacceptable in other cultures.
Group vs. individual culture clashes in multi-cultural teams as well. They all have their own distinct working style, which is influenced by their cultural background. Individuality is prized in certain workplaces, and the freedom to express one’s thoughts and ideas is encouraged. It’s very uncommon for cultures to be more paternalistic in nature, with leaders choosing how things should be done and people following their orders. Individualistic cultures emphasize the importance of a person’s individuality above the interests of the collective. The emphasis on self-reliance in these cultures may have a detrimental influence on an organization’s management process. As a result, collectivism enhances organizational productivity by focusing on the process rather than the end result; furthermore, individualist societies place a premium on immediate gratification and outcomes over the long term. Because of this independence, private offices and intense rivalry have arisen inside these organizations (Hofstede, 2020). Competition and productivity are used to gauge company success, which is affected by a culture of individualism. Having an open office layout that encourages workers to form social bonds is a key component of a collaborative culture. Interdependence is essential for improving management processes inside a company and is beneficial in this regard. In contrast to explicit communication in the individualist culture, the communal culture uses indirect communication.
In multi-cultural teams, intolerance and a lack of education about diversity is another major problem. It is imperative that we confront the issues of intolerance and ignorance around cultural diversity. Keeping in mind the importance of respecting diversity in the management process is essential. Different nationalities, languages, religions, and skin tones may all be represented on your team. You should be prepared for this. Avoid joking or attempting to strike up a discussion based on your differences. In addition, the way individuals do their duties and conduct themselves in various situations will be different.
Possible strategies to overcome barriers
Cultural intelligence, cross-cultural management, and accepting cultural diversity are all possible strategies for addressing the consequences of cultural variations in management processes. The ability to demonstrate a certain set of culturally-associated abilities, behaviors, and attributes is a key component of cultural intelligence (Oden, 2021). These include cultural intelligence in spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and linguistics. Cross-cultural management promotes the expansion of management collaboration in many nations where they operate. Managers may use cross-cultural management to understand their workers’ behaviour better and showcase some of the approaches by which firms can connect with their client demographics and their own staff. In the workplace, a favorable attitude toward handling cultural differences among employees is provided through embracing diversity.
Conclusion
In both good and bad ways, cultural differences may impact the management of a business. Understanding and
The needs of patients, workforce, and resources are competing needs that impact the development of policy tremendously. The agenda that the policy is advocating for should mitigate the competing needs. An example of this would be the shortage of nurses in the workplace. The continuous shortage of nurses is due to high turnover rates, lack of potential educators, and inequitable workforce distribution (Haddad et al., 2022). If a policy adequately addresses staffing issues, then patient and workforce needs are met and costs are decreased.
If a policy does not adequately address staffing issues, then there could be numerous negative impacts. According to an article on RevCycleIntelligence.com, it has been shown that inefficient or ineffective healthcare workforce management can increase labor costs significantly (RCI, 2020). Not only does it affect labor costs, but it compromises the safety of both nurses and their patients as well. Inadequate staffing leads to work overload of available nurses, which leads to burnout. A study has that there is a significant relationship between decreased patient safety and increased levels of burnout (Garcia et al., 2019).
Competing Needs and their Impact on COVID-19
One competing need that has been impacted by COVID-19 is the decrease in essential resources healthcare workers need to perform their job duties, such as personal protective equipment, or PPE. The use of PPE has significantly increased since the rise of COVID-19. In fact, the World Health Organization (2020) stated that there is a severe disruption to the global supply of PPE. Implementing a policy regarding PPE can save facilities resources and financial costs. For example, the policy could address the proper donning and doffing, sanitation, and storage of PPE after each use for full optimization of supplies. In turn, costs are lowered, efficiency is increased, and the facility’s staff has the necessary resources to carry out their job duties.
References
Garcia, C. L., Abreu, L. C., Ramos, J., Castro, C., Smiderle, F., Santos, J., & Bezerra, I. (2019). Influence of burnout on patient safety: systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania), 55(9), 553. https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55090553
Haddad, L. M., Annamaraju, P., & Toney-Butler, T. J. (2022). Nursing shortage. NCBI – WWW Error Blocked Diagnostic. Retrieved June 7, 2022, from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK493175/
RCI. (2020, May 4). Optimizing healthcare workforce management for high-value care. RevCycleIntelligence. Retrieved June 7, 2022, from https://revcycleintelligence.com/features/optimizing-healthcare-workforce-management-for-high-value-care
World Health Organization. (2020, January 10). Coronavirus. World Health Organization. Retrieved June 7, 2022, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab=tab_1
