What is a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM V)?

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What is a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM V)? What are the pros and cons of formal diagnostic classification of mental disorders?

Give an example or explain how someone being diagnosed with a mental disorder can be simultaneously hurtful as well as helpful.

One of the major advantages of the DSM must be that it has seriously diminished the international linguistic confusion regarding psychiatric disorders. Since its introduction, it contributed extensively toward one common international language for defining and conceptualizing psychiatric disorders