What are the underlying mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens

What are the underlying mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in bacterial pathogens, and how can multidisciplinary efforts in microbiology, pharmacology, and public health combat the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance through the development of novel antibiotics, stewardship programs, and infection control measures?How does the interplay between lifestyle factors, including diet, physical activity, sleep patterns, and stress management, influence the gut-brain axis and contribute to mental health disorders such as depression, anxiety, and cognitive decline, and what integrative interventions hold promise for promoting mental well