Aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone

Analyze the anatomical and physiological adaptations of the renal system in response to changes in dietary sodium intake and fluid balance. Discuss the role of renal autoregulation, tubuloglomerular feedback, and hormonal regulation by aldosterone and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in maintaining electrolyte balance and blood pressure homeostasis. Additionally, explore the renal mechanisms underlying conditions such as hyponatremia, hypernatremia, and volume depletion, and evaluate the clinical implications for managing fluid and electrolyte disorders.