On pages 20-22, Kotter (2012) identified an eight-stage process to implement change in an organization. The steps are: establishing a sense of urgency, creating the guiding coalition, developing a vision and strategy, communicating the change vision, empowering a broad base of people to take action, generating short-term wins, consolidating gains and producing even more change, and institutionalizing new approaches in the culture.

How can leaders successfully implement each stage of change in an organization?

• establishing a sense of urgency.
• creating the guiding coalition.
• developing a vision and strategy.
• communicating the change vision.
• empowering a broad base of people to take action.
• generating short-term wins.
•  consolidating gains and producing even more change.
• institutionalizing new approaches in the culture.

 Amazon has a functional organisational structure that focuses on business functions for determining the interactions among the different parts of the company. Amazon’s corporate structure is best characterized as global function-based groups (most significant feature), a global hierarchy, and geographic divisions. This structure seems to fit with the size of Amazon’s business—43% of 2016 retail sales were in the United States. Seven segments, including information technology, human resources and legal operations, and heads of segments, report to Amazon’s CEO. “Senior management team include two CEOs, three Senior Vice Presidents and one Worldwide Controller, who are responsible for various vital aspects of the business reporting directly to Amazon CEO Jeff Bezos.” The strategic goal underlying this structure is to facilitate Amazon.com to successfully implement e-commerce operations management throughout the entire organisation

Based on what you have learnt in the unit during discussion on the case study, What are other external considerations that are set to challenge the way companies design their internal organisation? How the external changes are communicated with the internal stakeholders?

The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in human resources is already widespread and for good reason. Hiring directly impacts business goals, and using AI to forward those goals is an obvious win. Harness the power of artificial intelligence to automate everyday repetitive HR operations with the highest accuracy and speed and amplify the efficiency of your HR team. In Deloitte’s 2018 Global Human Capital Survey, based on more than 10,000 corporate leaders around the world, 71 percent of respondents said they believed AI was an important trend that will impact their organization, but only 31 percent believe they are ready to address it. Meanwhile, employees deliver a decidedly mixed judgment on the ability of their HR departments to modernize. Forty-two percent of those surveyed in a study by IBM and Harris Insights said they did not believe their organization’s HR leaders could execute AI-enabled strategies. *Identify and observe the top use 3 cases for AI in HR that are already being implemented today (including recruiting with greater precision and less bias).*

Addressing  the problem of wealth disparity in the United States Inequality in wealth is an issue that has received significant attention in recent years. The wealthiest 1 percent of Americans hold more than 40 percent of the total wealth in the nation. The richest one percent of Americans would be subject to a wealth tax under this plan

The wealthiest one percent of citizens in the United States would be the ones to foot the bill for the implementation of a wealth tax in the form of an asset tax that would be levied on them.

A recent survey found that sixty percent of Americans are in favor of the notion of imposing a tax on one’s wealth, indicating that there is strong support for a wealth tax among the general public. However, there is strong resistance to a wealth tax among the political elites; many of them argue that it would be too difficult to execute and that it would be unjust to the affluent if it were to be implemented.

The substantial resistance from the political elites makes it unlikely that a wealth tax will ever be put into law. As a result, the possibility of this happening is minimal. On the other hand, if the general public maintains their support for the concept, there is a chance that it may acquire momentum in the future.

The Marx Communist Manifest  lays out the basic logic of his historical method which points to the inevitability of socialism. Why did Marx call his take on socialism “scientific”?

Drawing on the relevant material in Heywood, and on our class discussions, explain how the ideas of social democracy were developed as an alternative to the revolutionary violence that is part of Marx’s vision.  How is social democracy different from Marx’s socialism? Does it lead to eventual overthrow of capitalism by socialism; or does ultimately serve to strengthen capitalism itself?

Socialist ideas have enjoyed a resurgence of popularity of sorts here in the United States.  The DSA is up to over 1000,000 members.  Are the ideas of Marx and other socialist thinkers still relevant to the historical period that we are living in?  Why or why not?  Be sure to fully elaborate your points.

https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/download/pdf/Manifesto.pdf