Title….One Language or Two?

take a position (make an argument for why you believe what you believe).  Be sure to defend your position with concepts from the material we have learned.  You could accomplish this by giving your understanding of the meaning of the concept (not just the book definition).  

Outline the milestones of Piaget’s sensorimotor stage

5.1.2: Identify challenges to Piaget’s explanation of infant cognitive development

5.1.3: Explain what research tells us about infants’ understanding of objects

5.1.4: Describe how intelligence is measured in infancy

5.2.1: Summarize the ways in which infants learn

5.2.2: Describe the process of schematic learning in the first 2 years

5.2.3: Explain how memory functions in the first 2 years

: Contrast the three views of language development

5.3.2: Identify the environmental influences on language development

5.4.1: Describe how infants’ understanding of words change in the early months of life

5.4.2: Identify the characteristics of toddlers’ first words

5.4.3: Characterize the kinds of sentences children produce between 18 and 24 months of age

5.4.4: Describe individual differences in language development

5.4.5: Characterize language development across cultures

Write about these it doesn’t have to be as long. one page is enough.

Concisely describe the process for the Institutional Review Board  prescreening review at the university. What barriers could you face as you progress through the IRB prescreening process? *I’m doing a case study, so no full IRB is required, but I need to submit the application for the committee review and I need to follow all the steps created to protect human life and rights.

Will you need to gain IRB approval from your organization? *No (unfortunately I’m doing a case study, no implementation or clinical site) If so, what is the schedule for the organization’s IRB meetings? What is the process you will expect? If you do not need site IRB review, have you arranged to get a letter from your organization that confirms you do not need IRB approval?

What is the purpose of the IRB process, Do you find that it is important?

Working in leaderships is a major responsibility. A leader in an educational establishment is responsible for the well-being of staff, the school community, scholars, and their families. Along with managing, responding, and supporting different personalities, concerns, grows and glows of the school. Effective leadership is pivotal to the vitality of an educational establishment. Leaders are the gatekeepers of quality. However, the fields of early intervention, early childhood, and special education continues to struggle with the challenges of being overlooked and unsupervised when something just does not seem right (Movahedazarhouligh, 2021). History tells us that as a society, we have contributed to the stigmatization and prejudicial treatment of individuals with disabilities (Hughley & Larwin, 2021).

DeMatthews and Knight (2019) demonstrates the climate and the pressure of being a leader where being ethical and unethical collided. If I was placed into this position, my boss always use to say “it is easier to ask forgiveness than it is to get permission.” The proportion of alternates in a custom curriculum is a reflection on the head (DeMatthews & Kinght, 2018). My first approach would be education for staff withing the Sorenson Elementary School. There will be multiple and mandatory professional development on what special education laws entails and the right due to ALL scholars. Having all staff members being privy to the special education mandates and laws will give a better understanding of what needs to proactively happen. Legislatives created mandates for free, appropriate public education for students with disabilities and the requirement in U.S. law for special education services to be provided in the least restrictive environment (Wehmeyer & et al., 2021). I will also make it very clear that having a high number of SPED scholars does not reflect on how one teaches, delivers instruction and it is not a personal thing.

Nonetheless, once that is in place and I have vetted and have a good sense of all educators. Next, will be to circle back to all scholars who are represented, declassified and who were denied special education services. I will then ask all educators to re-evaluate all scholars with and without IEP’s. Through this I would have a clear sense on the correct percentage of SPED within the Sorenson Elementary School. Through this approach I am handling all my affairs internally. So that data is collected, education is being delivered, conversations are being had and I am using my knowledge of why I was hired in the first space to turn this school around. A school is a community, and we owe our scholars the opportunities they deserve to gain the necessary tools to prepare them for the real world. Now that I have a clear understanding of the percentage my school has, I will then compartmentalize the different units of scholars who have IEP’s, intervention groups, RTI’s and behavior issues. Through this we will be able to tackle each support and different services for scholars given; along with, what we can do to give tiered services so that scholars are progressing and not digressing. I will also hold parent groups seminars and individual meetings so that parents are clear of their child’s services and what needs to happen going forward so that we all can work together. Lastly, in-house we will no longer say to parents, or to other colleagues, or anyone in the school building that “the district does not allow it”. All scholars will receive appropriate support for their wellbeing. Now that we are all on the same page in-house, I will then fight the big beast, which is the district. I will have proof, data, and the support of my staff and families. We will fight to present the higher number, to showcase that they are high now, but will lower because the services that are given are appropriate, fair and it is equity for all scholars.

Reference

DeMatthews, D. E., & Knight, D. S. (2019). Denying special education to students in need: A case of accountability, compliance, and fear in a Texas elementary school. Journal of Cases in Educational Leadership, 22(1), 55-72. doi:10.1177/1555458918786988

Hughley, K. S., & Larwin, K. H. (2021). Is There a Disproportionate Representation of African American Males in Special Education? A Causal-Comparative Investigation. Journal of Organizational and Educational Leadership, 7(1), 1.

Movahedazarhouligh, S. (2021). A Scoping Review of the Knowledge Base, Landscape, and Trends in Leadership Literature in Early Intervention, Early Childhood, and Early Childhood Special Education. Infants and Young Children, 34(3), 159–177.

Wehmeyer, M. L., Shogren, K. A., & Kurth, J. (2021). The State of Inclusion With Students With Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities in the United States. Journal of Policy & Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 18(1), 36–43. https://doi-org.lopes.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/jppi.12332

We are in the process of completely overhauling our WHS system. While we plan to involve all staff, Jacob, one of the supervisors, has been working at our hotel longer than anyone. You want to get as much feedback and information from him as possible. What would be the best way to do this so we can have a meaningful consultation?

Using the scenario in the previous question, what would be the best way to consult with all the other departmental staff for this initial fact-finding phase of developing the WHS system?

When are you legally required to conduct a hazard inspection?

What methods of consultation are used in your workplace when developing policies and procedures

In your workplace, where are the WHS policies and procedures located so they’re accessible to staff? How are they communicated to you?

Describe some strategies you can use to ensure you communicate WHS information to personnel in a systemic way.

In your workplace, how does reviewing near miss reports assess the effectiveness of your WHS system? Explain using an example.

Describe how you get hold of hazard identification and risk assessment template documents that incorporate assessment criteria for assessing risks.

Identify five people or groups you should consult with when designing and eliciting feedback on the WHS management system

ActNow! is a non-profit promoting environmentally sustainable consumer behavior in retail. Taking over as the new head of the organization from Maddy Pierce you have had several exit interviews with Maddy to learn from her experiences. Maddy told you that when faced with challenging tasks such as crafting nation-wide campaigns she would draw on a select committee consisting of John, Tina and Lori. Why? Because she could count on them to go the extra mile and she would keep them in the loop about upcoming campaigns so that they would be ready to take on such special tasks. The campaign office consists of an additional two select committees that mainly work the nuts and bolts of the campaigns once they have been designed by John, Tina, and Lori.

• Q4. Explain the distinction between in and out groups in Leader-Member Exchange Theory.
• Q5. Based on the case description, were there in and out groups under Maddy’s leadership? If so, which are they?
• Q6. Taking over the role as leader of ActNow! would you take actions to change the relationship status between you and the work groups? If so, why?